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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22806892
Depletion of radio-resistant regulatory T cells enhances antitumor immunity during recovery from lymphopenia.
Baba J, Watanabe S, Saida Y, Tanaka T, Miyabayashi T, Koshio J, Ichikawa K, Nozaki K, Koya T, Deguchi K, Tan C, Miura S, Tanaka H, Tanaka J, Kagamu H, Yoshizawa H, Nakata K, Narita I.
SourceDepartment of Medicine (II), Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan;
AbstractCytotoxic lymphodepletion therapies augment antitumor immune responses. The generation and therapeutic efficacy of antitumor effector T cells (T(E)s) are enhanced during recovery from lymphopenia. Although the effects of lymphodepletion on naïve T cells (T(N)s) and T(E)s have been studied extensively, the influence of lymphodepletion on suppressor cells remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate a significant increase of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) in sublethally irradiated lymphopenic mice. These radio-resistant Treg inhibited the induction of T(E)s in tumor-draining lymph-nodes (TDLNs) during recovery from lymphopenia. The transfer of T(N)s into lymphopenic tumor-bearing mice resulted in some antitumor effects; however, Treg depletion after whole-body irradiation and reconstitution strongly inhibited tumor progression. Further analyses revealed that tumor-specific T cells were primed from the transferred T(N)s, whereas the Treg originated from irradiated recipient cells. As in irradiated lymphopenic mice, a high percentage of Treg was observed in cyclophosphamide-treated lymphopenic mice. The inhibition of Treg in cyclophosphamide-treated mice significantly reduced tumor growth. These results indicate that the Treg that survive cytotoxic therapies suppress antitumor immunity during recovery from lymphopenia and suggest that approaches to deplete radio-and chemo-resistant Treg can enhance cancer immunotherapies
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